Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

Deep Vein Thrombosis is a blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body. Most blood clots, which occur when blood thickens, happen in the lower leg or thigh. Blood clots can also occur in other parts of the body.

A blood clot can break off and travel through the body. When the clot settles in the lungs, it can block blood flow. This condition is called pulmonary embolism and is life threatening.

Blood clots that form on veins closer to the skin won’t break off and cause pulmonary embolism.

Watch an animated demonstration of a deep vein blood clot.

Major causes of DVT are:

• When damage occurs to a vein’s inner lining either through an injury, surgery or an immune response
• When blood flow is sluggish due to inactivity
• If your blood has a tendency to clot due to inherited conditions or treatment with hormone replacement therapy or birth control pills

Read in more detail about the causes of DVT.

Approximately two million Americans experience DVT every year. Events that can trigger DVT can include (but aren’t limited to):

• Cancer
• Some heart or respiratory diseases
• A history of DVT
• Restricted mobility, especially after major surgery or during travel
• Obesity
• Use of birth control pills

There are other risk factors for developing DVT. Click here for more detailed information.

The signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are associated with DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE). DVT and PE can be life-threatening if not treated. If you experience any of these symptoms, see your doctor right away.

Deep Vein Thrombosis

• Swelling of the affected area, usually in the lower leg or thigh
• Tenderness or pain in the affected area
• The skin in the affected area is warm to the touch
• Discoloration or redness

Half of the episodes of DVT can be silent, producing minimal symptoms. Therefore, you should be on the alert for the signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism (PE).

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

• Shortness of breath
• Pain when breathing deeply
• Coughing up blood
• Occasionally, a fast heart rate and rapid breathing

Seek medical attention immediately if you experience these symptoms!

Read more about the signs and symptoms of DVT.

Medicines such as anticoagulants, also known as blood thinners, are the most common treatment of DVT. Anticoagulants decrease the ability of your blood to clot and stop existing clots from getting bigger. These medicines don’t, however, break up blood clots that have already formed. In most cases, your body will naturally dissolve the clots.

There are other treatments for DVT, including graduated compression stockings. Read more.

To learn how to prevent DVT, click here.